時制ミックスの if(あの時→今) Mixed Conditionals: Then and Now in One Sentence
仮定法 Conditionals & Subjunctive
「あの時ああしていたら、今ごろ〜なのに」は、if 節が過去完了・帰結節が would + 動詞のミックス型。If I had taken that job, I would be in New York now. 公式の暗記ではなく、各節が自分の時間を独立に選んでいるだけです。
"If I'd done that back then, I'd be … now" mixes the patterns: past perfect in the if-clause, plain would in the result. If I had taken that job, I would be in New York now. No new formula to memorize — each clause simply picks its own time.
節ごとに時間を選ぶ
Each Clause Picks Its Own Clock
部品は2種類ずつしかありません。if 節は「過去形=今の非現実」か「had done =過去の非現実」。帰結節は「would do =今の帰結」か「would have done =過去の帰結」。この2×2を場面に合わせて組むだけで、ミックス型は自動的にできあがります。「第3文型の変形」として暗記する必要はありません。
There are only two parts per slot. If-clause: past form (unreal now) or had done (unreal past). Result clause: would do (result now) or would have done (result then). Combine the 2×2 to fit the situation and mixed conditionals build themselves — no third-conditional-variant tables required.
過去の分岐、今の風景 A past fork, a present view
If I had taken that job, I would be in New York now.
あの仕事を受けていたら、今ごろニューヨークにいるんだろうな。
過去の分岐(had taken)→今の帰結(would be ... now)。 Past fork (had taken) → present result (would be … now).
If I weren't so busy, I would have come to the party.
こんなに忙しくなければ、パーティーに行けたのに。
逆ミックス: 今の性質(weren't)→過去の帰結(would have come)。 The reverse mix: present state (weren't) → past result (would have come).
If we hadn't met, my life would be completely different.
あなたと出会っていなかったら、私の人生はまるで違っていただろうね。
人生を語る定番のミックス。 The classic life-story mix.
would have done(過去の帰結)
帰結も過去で完結した話。 The result played out back then, too.
If I had studied, I would have passed.
勉強していたら、受かっていたのに。
would do + now(今の帰結)
帰結が今も続いている話。now が目印。 The result is still with you — now is the telltale.
If I had studied, I would have a better job now.
勉強していたら、今ごろもっといい仕事に就いているのに。
よくある間違い Common Mistake
If I had taken that job, I would have been rich now.
あの仕事を受けていたら、今ごろ金持ちなのに。(のつもりで)
If I had taken that job, I would be rich now.
あの仕事を受けていたら、今ごろ金持ちなのに。
帰結が「今」なら would + 動詞が基本です。would have been にすると帰結が過去寄りに沈み、now とのねじれが生まれます。「now が付いたら have を疑う」とチェックすると事故が減ります。ただし by now を伴う would have been ... by now(今頃はもう〜だったろう)は慣用として普通に使われるので、見かけても誤りではありません。
A present result usually takes plain would; add have and the result sinks pastward, twisting against the now. Quick check: see a now, question the have. One caveat — would have been … by now is an established, perfectly normal pattern, so don't mark it wrong when you meet it.
- would be ... by now 今ごろは〜だったのに 「今の帰結」を強調する by now。ミックス型の相棒。 By now spotlights the present result — the mix's best friend.
- if it hadn't been for ... 〜がなかったら 過去版「〜がなければ」。if it weren't for の過去形ペア。 The past-tense partner of if it weren't for.
- I wouldn't be here without ... 〜がなければ今の自分はない 過去の恩→今の自分、という感謝のミックス定番。 Past kindness, present self — gratitude's favorite mix.
- even if たとえ〜だったとしても 条件を認めても帰結が変わらない、と先回りする if の強化形。 Concedes the condition and keeps the result anyway — if, reinforced.
まとめ Summary
- 部品は2×2: if 節(過去形/had done)×帰結(would do/would have done)。 The 2×2 kit: if-clause (past / had done) × result (would do / would have done).
- 「あの時→今」= had done + would do now。 Then-to-now: had done + would do … now.
- now が付いたら have を疑う(by now の慣用は例外)。 See a now, question the have — the by now idiom is the exception.
- 型番でなく部品で考えると、どの組み合わせも作れる。 Think parts, not pattern numbers — every combination becomes buildable.