形容詞+ to do(happy to help)Happy to Help: Adjective + To
不定詞・動名詞 / Infinitives & Gerunds
感情・性質の形容詞は to do で理由や中身を語ります: happy to help(喜んで手伝う)、sorry to hear that(それは残念)、easy to use(使いやすい)。とくに easy / hard 型は This book is easy to read.(この本は読みやすい)という便利な組み替えを持っていて、英語らしさの近道です。
Adjectives of feeling and quality explain themselves with to do: happy to help, sorry to hear that, easy to use. The easy/hard type offers an especially handy rearrangement — This book is easy to read — one of the fastest routes to natural-sounding English.
感情の理由と、性質の中身
Why You Feel It; How It Behaves
I'm happy to help. の to help は「うれしさの中身・理由」。glad / sad / sorry / surprised / ready / willing など、感情・姿勢の形容詞はこの型で理由を続けます。もう1系統が easy / hard / difficult / impossible / safe の性質組: It's easy to read this book. を組み替えて This book is easy to read. と言える——目的語だった this book が主語に昇格する、英語独特の便利な文型です。
In I'm happy to help, the to help supplies the content of the happiness. Feeling-and-stance adjectives — glad, sad, sorry, surprised, ready, willing — all continue this way. The second family is the quality group: easy, hard, difficult, impossible, safe. It's easy to read this book rearranges into This book is easy to read: the object promoted to subject, a peculiarly English convenience.
2つの系統The two families
I'm sorry to hearabout動詞が決める【hear about = 〜のことを聞く】hear about は「〜についての話を聞く」。hear だけなら音が耳に入ることで、hear the news なら知らせそのものを聞く。about が入ると伝聞の色になる。 your dog.
ワンちゃんのこと、お気の毒に。
感情+理由の to。お悔やみ・共感の定番。Feeling + reason — the sympathy formula.
This map is hard to read.
この地図は読みにくい。
性質組の組み替え文型。「読みにくい」が一語で言える。The quality rearrangement — "hard to read" in one breath.
We're ready to order.
注文、お願いします(準備できました)。
ready to =「〜する準備ができて」。レストランの必須句。Ready to — the restaurant essential.
感情組(happy / sorry / glad)
to の中身=その気持ちの理由。The to supplies the feeling's reason.
She was surprised to see me there.
彼女は私がそこにいて驚いていた。
性質組(easy / hard / safe)
モノを主語に昇格できる(X is easy to do)。Promotes the thing to subject: X is easy to do.
Is this water safe to drink?
この水、飲んでも大丈夫?
よくある間違い / Common Mistake
×This book is easy to read it.
この本は読みやすい。(のつもりで)
○This book is easy to read.
この本は読みやすい。
this book はもう主語に昇格しているので、read の後ろにもう一度 it を置くと二重になります。「昇格したら元の席は空ける」——この文型の唯一の注意点です。日本語の「この本は読みやすい」も目的語を繰り返さないので、実は日本語の感覚のままでいけます。
This book has already been promoted to subject, so repeating it after read doubles the reference. Promotion empties the old seat — the one rule this pattern demands. Japanese 「この本は読みやすい」 skips the repeat too, so your native instinct is already correct here.
Happy to help!お安いご用です!手伝いへの感謝に返す定番。I'm の省略形で軽やかに。The standard reply to thanks — I'm dropped for lightness.
Sorry to bother you, but ...お忙しいところすみませんが…割り込み・依頼の万能クッション。The universal interruption cushion.
Nice to meet you.はじめまして。(It's) nice to meet you の省略。この型の最有名句。(It's) nice to meet you, clipped — the pattern's most famous line.
too good to be true話がうますぎるtoo ... to(〜すぎて…ない)と性質組の合流点。うますぎて本当のはずがない。Where too … to meets the quality family: so good it can't be real.
まとめ / Summary
感情の形容詞+ to =その気持ちの理由(sorry to hear)。Feeling adjectives + to give the reason: sorry to hear.
性質組は This book is easy to read. の昇格文型を持つ。Quality adjectives run the promotion pattern: easy to read.
昇格したら文末に it を繰り返さない。After promotion, don't repeat the it.
Happy to help! / Sorry to bother you を持ち歌に。Own Happy to help! and Sorry to bother you.