A tag question is a statement with a short question clipped to the end. Three rules build it: flip the polarity, so a positive statement takes a negative tag; reuse the same verb, calling in do for ordinary verbs; and turn the subject into a pronoun. "You're coming, aren't you?" is the model. Whether your voice falls or rises at the end then changes what you've asked.
極性をひっくり返してくっつける
Flip the Polarity, Then Attach
前半が肯定なら、タグは否定。前半が否定なら、タグは肯定。シーソーのように必ず反対側へ傾きます。使う動詞は前半のものをそのまま持ってくればよく、be や助動詞ならそれを、一般動詞なら do / does / did を呼びます。主語は必ず代名詞に置き換えるので、Your brother works here, doesn't he? のように he へ変わります。
Positive first half, negative tag. Negative first half, positive tag. It tips to the opposite side every time, like a seesaw. The verb comes straight from the first half: be and auxiliaries repeat themselves, and ordinary verbs bring in do, does, or did. The subject always becomes a pronoun, so "Your brother works here" ends with doesn't he?
肯定→否定タグ。be動詞をそのまま反復。Positive to negative, with be repeating itself.
She didn't call back, did she?
彼女、折り返してこなかったよね?
否定→肯定タグ。didn't の did を使う。Negative to positive, reusing the did from didn't.
Your brother works here, doesn't he?
お兄さん、ここで働いてるんだよね?
一般動詞なので does。主語は he に置き換える。An ordinary verb, so does. The subject shrinks to he.
下げて言う(同意を求める)
答えを本気で求めていない。「〜だよね」と念を押す響き。You're not really after an answer. It's a nudge toward agreement.
It's freezing in here, isn't it?
ここ、寒いよね?
上げて言う(本当に尋ねる)
確信がなく、相手に答えてほしい。ふつうの疑問文に近い。You're genuinely unsure and want an answer. Close to an ordinary question.
You locked the door, didn't you?
鍵、かけたよね?
よくある間違い / Common Mistake
×You're coming tonight, are you?
今夜来るよね?(と確認したいつもりで)
○You're coming tonight, aren't you?
今夜来るよね?
極性がひっくり返っていません。前半が肯定なら、タグは否定になります。同じ極性を重ねた are you? という形も英語には存在しますが、意味が変わります。「へえ、来るんだ?」という驚きや、場合によっては皮肉として響くので、ただ確認したいだけの場面では誤解を招きます。念を押したいのなら aren't you? を使ってください。
The polarity hasn't flipped. A positive first half needs a negative tag. English does have same-polarity tags like "are you?", but they mean something else: they carry surprise, and depending on the delivery they can sound pointed. That's a poor fit when all you want is confirmation, so reach for aren't you?
..., right?〜だよね?極性も動詞も考えなくてよい万能タグ。くだけた会話で頻出。The universal tag: no polarity, no verb to match. Very common in casual speech.
..., don't you think?〜だと思わない?意見に同意を求める型。タグより長いぶん当たりがやわらかい。Invites agreement with an opinion, and its length makes it gentler than a bare tag.
Let's ..., shall we?〜しようよ、ね?Let's 専用のタグ。will we? とは言わない。The tag reserved for Let's. Never will we?
..., will you?〜してくれる?命令文に付けて指示をやわらげる。目上には使いにくい。Softens an imperative. Not one to use with someone senior to you.