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まるごとをける which The Which That Takes the Whole Sentence

Relative Clauses

He forgot my birthday, which upset me.(誕生れられて、それがだった)。この which がしているのは birthday ではありません。「れたこと」です。コンマ+which は、まるごとにれます。が、から出来事がるわけです。

He forgot my birthday, which upset me. That which isn't pointing at the birthday. It points at the whole thing he did. A comma plus which lets you stick a note onto everything you just said — the target widens from a noun to an event.

ではなく、出来事

A Note Stuck on the Whole Event

ふつうのは、ひとつをします。コンマ+which だけがで、をまるごとけられます。The train was late, which made me miss the meeting. ここでの which は train ではありません。「れたこと」そのものです。言葉でも言葉でも、じくらいてきます。

A relative pronoun normally explains the one noun just before it. The comma-plus-which is the exception: it can take an entire clause. In "The train was late, which made me miss the meeting," which isn't the train. It's the lateness, the whole event. You'll hear this in speech about as often as you read it.

まるごとをける Taking the whole clause

She apologized first, which surprised everyone.

のほうからった。それにはみんないた。

いたのはにではなく、ったことに。 The surprise is her apologizing first, not her.

He never replies to める 【reply to = 〜にする】 reply はれない。reply emails ✗。answer ならなしで answer emails ○——じ「える」でもいがう。 emails, which is why I called him.

はメールにをしない。だからした。

which is why は「だから」。でも "Which is why" is everyday spoken English for so or that's why.

The なぜ the なのか 【そのつにまる】 のいるで、どれをすかつにまるから the。日本語なら「(の)」「うちの」をってむとい。 shop closed at six, which I didn't know.

6時まった。それをらなかった。

which が know のになることもある。 Here which is the object of know, not the subject.

ける which

ひとつをする。 Explains the single noun sitting right before it.

I bought a camera, which was on sale.

カメラをった。セールだった。

まるごとをける which

ける。じで、まる。 Takes the entire clause instead. The shape is identical; meaning decides the target.

I bought a camera, which is why I'm broke this month.

カメラをった。だからだ。

はカメラというではなく、ったこと。which is why は出来事ける。 The cause isn't the camera as an object; it's the buying. "Which is why" always points at an event.

よくある Common Mistake

He forgot my birthday, it upset me.

誕生れられて、それがだった。(のつもりで)

He forgot my birthday, which upset me.

誕生れられて、それがだった。

コンマだけで2つのをつなぐと、言葉ではりとされます。comma splice とばれるです。which にえればしたでなくなるので、1としてします。and it upset me でも、ピリオドでって It upset me. でもいません。日本語でいくらでもをつなげますが、のコンマにそのはありません。

In standard written English a comma on its own can't join two complete sentences; the result is what teachers call a comma splice. Swapping in which fixes it, because the second half stops being an independent sentence. "And it upset me" works too, and so does a full stop followed by "It upset me." The comma simply can't carry that weight alone.

  • , which is why ... ——だから〜 としてける。so のなめらかなえ。 The most common frame: the clause becomes the reason. A smoother so.
  • , which means ... ——つまり〜ということだ えて Restates what you just said and draws the conclusion. Common in explanations and reports.
  • , which is a shame ——なことに 出来事まるごとへのコメント。 An evaluation stuck onto the whole event. Very common in speech.
  • , which reminds me ——それでしたけど える。きっかけはまるごと。 The standard topic-switch. What triggered the memory is everything just said.
  • , which makes sense ——それなら まるごとをけてす。 Takes the whole clause and signals that it adds up. Very common in speech.

まとめ Summary

  • コンマ+which は、まるごとをけられる。 A comma plus which can take the whole clause before it.
  • 出来事かは、ではなくまる。 Noun or event? Meaning decides, not the shape.
  • that ではできない。 That can't stand in for it here.
  • which is why / which means はでも Which is why and which means are everyday spoken frames.
  • コンマだけで2つのをつなぐのはり。 A comma alone can't join two sentences.

: 2026-07-25 Last checked: 2026-07-25